Cali

Santiago de Cali (Spanish pronunciation: [sanˈtjaɣo ðe ˈkali]), usually known by its short name "Cali", is the capital of the Valle del Cauca department, and the most populous city in Southwestern Colombia, with an estimated 2,319,655 residents according to 2005-2020/DANE population projections. The city spans 560.3 km² (216.3 sq mi) with 120.9 km² (46.7 sq mi) of urban area, making Cali the third largest city proper and metropolitan area in population and the second largest city by area in the country. As the only major Colombian city with access to the Pacific coast, Cali is the main urban and economic centre in Southwestern Colombia, and is one of the fastest growing economies in the country. Cali is also known as the capital of Salsa music. The city was founded on 25 July 1536 by the Spanish conquistador Sebastián de Belalcázar.

Cali is also a center for sports in Colombia, as the only Colombian city to have hosted the Pan American Games (in 1971). Cali hosted the 1992 World Wrestling Championships, the ninth edition of the World Games in 2013, the UCI Track Cycling World Championships in 2014, and the World Youth Championships in Athletics in 2015.

John J. Cali

John J. Cali (born August 8, 1918 - February 1, 2014) was an American real estate developer.

Biography

Cali was born Tercio, Colorado in Las Animas County, a coal mining town and raised in New Jersey, the son of an Italian immigrant miner. He graduated from Clifton High School. He worked his way through college by playing saxophone and clarinet in jazz and swing bands eventually graduating from Indiana University with a B.A. in sociology and psychology. After school he worked for the Western Electric Company and in 1949, he co-founded Cali Associates with his brother, Angelo R. Cali and a friend, Edward Leshowitz. Cali initially focused on residential properties building over 5,500 housing units in New Jersey before expanding into the development of commercial buildings in 1969. In 1989, he built the International Financial Center in Jersey City. In 1994, the company went public as a real estate investment trust under the name Cali Realty Corporation, creating the first office REIT in New Jersey; he served as its chairman from 1994 until its 1997 merger with the Mack Company (founded by H. Bert Mack and then operated by his four sons Fredric H. Mack, David S. Mack, Earle I. Mack, and William L. Mack) creating Mack-Cali Realty Corporation, the largest office-property owner in New Jersey. He retired in 2000. Cali also was a co-founder of Cali Futures, which focuses on real estate investment projects in New Jersey.

School

A school is an institution designed for the teaching of students (or "pupils") under the direction of teachers. Most countries have systems of formal education, which is commonly compulsory. In these systems, students progress through a series of schools. The names for these schools vary by country (discussed in the Regional section below) but generally include primary school for young children and secondary school for teenagers who have completed primary education. An institution where higher education is taught, is commonly called a university college or university.

In addition to these core schools, students in a given country may also attend schools before and after primary and secondary education. Kindergarten or pre-school provide some schooling to very young children (typically ages 3–5). University, vocational school, college or seminary may be available after secondary school. A school may also be dedicated to one particular field, such as a school of economics or a school of dance. Alternative schools may provide nontraditional curriculum and methods.

Montclair State University

Montclair State University is a public research university located in the Upper Montclair section of Montclair, the Great Notch area of Little Falls, and the Montclair Heights section of Clifton, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of October 2014, there were 20,022 total enrolled students: 15,885 undergraduate students and 4,137 graduate students. Montclair State University, the second largest University in the State of New Jersey in terms of student population is approximately 500 acres (2.0 km²) in size, inclusive of the New Jersey School of Conservation. The University attracts students from within the state, from many other states in the Northeast and elsewhere, and many foreign countries. More than 250 majors, minors and concentrations are offered.

The university is a member of such professional organizations as the American Association of State Colleges and Universities, American Council on Education, Association of American Colleges and Universities and the Council of Graduate Schools.

High school

A high school (also secondary school, senior school, secondary college) is a school that provides adolescents with part or all of their secondary education. It may come after primary school or middle school and be followed by higher education or vocational training.

Terminology

The term "high school" originated in Scotland, with the world's oldest high school being Edinburgh's Royal High School from 1505. The Royal High School was used as a model for the first public high school in the United States, Boston Latin School founded in Boston, Massachusetts.

The precise stage of schooling provided by a high school differs from country to country, and may vary within the same jurisdiction. In all of New Zealand and Malaysia, along with most of Britain and parts of Australia, Bangladesh and Canada, high school means the same thing as secondary school, but instead of starting in 9th grade, these "secondary schools" begin at ages 11 or 12.

Country by country

Australia

In Australia, high school is a secondary school, from Year 7 or Year 8 through to Year 12, varying from state to state. High school immediately follows primary (elementary) school; therefore, a Year-7 Australian high-school student is sometimes as young as 12. In Tasmania and the Australian Capital Territory, the term "high school" generally refers to Years 7–10, whereas the term "College" is used for Years 11–12. In Victoria the term "secondary college" has largely replaced the term "high school" following the reforms of the Labor Government in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Some schools have retained the name "high school" (such as Melbourne High School) and many have now dropped the "secondary" and are simply known as "college".